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Hello. Thanks very much for the responses so far. The information I am getting from our field teams is still not a lot, but what I can say is as follows:

• Normally added to the initially substrates (i.e. the human waste) are vegetable residues, tree leaves and branches. Any other potential additions, such as rice hays and corn stalks, are kept for animal food.
• They are looking at introducing windrows with black plastic sheets to protect from the rain and snow, and with PVC poles for aeration. I have asked the team for some more detailed designs on these that I can share with you.
• A biogas digester has been implemented by another agency, but fresh and semi-processed sludges were combined due to the agricultural demand. Nevertheless, it is very difficult to reproduce this type of approach at a smaller, household level, due to a lack of resources.
• The team are now researching the tunnel composter as has been mentioned, and would be interested in introducing a similar concept. However, the main issue again here is looking how this can be somehow replicated at a simpler, household level (and if this is even possible at a household level, or whether this approach does require slightly larger volumes than would be possible at a household level).

I'll add more information as soon as I have it.

Thanks very much, John

Hello. Thanks very much for the responses so far. The information I am getting from our field teams is still not a lot, but what I can say is as follows:

• Normally added to the initially substrates (i.e. the human waste) are vegetable residues, tree leaves and branches. Any other potential additions, such as rice hays and corn stalks, are kept for animal food.
• They are looking at introducing windrows with black plastic sheets to protect from the rain and snow, and with PVC poles for aeration. I have asked the team for some more detailed designs on these that I can share with you.
• A biogas digester has been implemented by another agency, but fresh and semi-processed sludges were combined due to the agricultural demand. Nevertheless, it is very difficult to reproduce this type of approach at a smaller, household level, due to a lack of resources.
• The team are now researching the tunnel composter as has been mentioned, and would be interested in introducing a similar concept. However, the main issue again here is looking how this can be somehow replicated at a simpler, household level (and if this is even possible at a household level, or whether this approach does require slightly larger volumes than would be possible at a household level).

I'll add more information as soon as I have it.

Thanks very much, John